Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are two terms often discussed together, but they are distinct conditions with unique challenges and characteristics. Understanding the differences between SPD vs Autism is essential for parents, caregivers, and professionals who work with individuals experiencing sensory and developmental difficulties.
Table of contents:
- What is SPD vs Autism?
- What Does SPD vs Autism Look Like?
- How is Autism vs SPD Diagnosed?
- How SPD and Autism Overlap
- When and Where to Seek Support for SPD vs Autism
- Unique and Helpful Toys for SPD vs Autism
- FAQs About SPD vs Autism
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1. What is SPD vs Autism?
Many wonder what the difference between autism and SPD is. Sensory Processing Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder are both characterized by sensory difficulties, but the nature of the difficulties and their causes are different. Here are some helpful education resources to learn more.
What is Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD)?
SPD is an issue related to the brain's ability to process information through the five senses. People with SPD are either sensitive to specific sensory inputs, like sound, light, or touch, or unresponsive.
Key Characteristics:
- Over-responsivity or under-responsivity to sensory stimuli.
- Challenges with motor skills and coordination.
- Difficulty regulating emotions in response to sensory inputs.
SPD usually affects daily tasks such as eating, dressing, and being in the environment. For example, a child with SPD may have a problem with the clothing texture or get upset with the sound of a vacuum cleaner. If poorly managed, these sensory difficulties can negatively impact the quality of life.
What is Autism?
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a developmental disorder characterized by challenges with social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors. Some of the features of autism include sensory processing difficulties, but this is not central to the definition of autism.
Key Characteristics:
- Difficulty with social communication and interaction.
- Repetitive behaviors and strict routines.
- Sensory sensitivities, such as aversion to loud noises or certain textures.
Autism is a spectrum disorder, meaning symptoms and severity can vary widely among individuals. While some people with autism require significant support, others may live independently and excel in specific areas.
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2. What Does SPD vs Autism Look Like?
Although the two are similar, certain signs set one from the other. SPD primarily involves sensory challenges, where children may become overwhelmed by sensory input like sound, touch, or light, or seek out excessive sensory stimulation. On the other hand, autism often includes not only sensory sensitivities but also difficulties in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behaviors.
As a parent, it's essential to recognize that each child is unique, and their symptoms may look different. If you notice certain signs or behaviors, don't wait to get professional advice. Early intervention can be crucial in ensuring your child gets the proper support and care to thrive.
Common Signs of SPD vs Autism
- SPD: Focuses on sensory issues without broader developmental concerns.
- Autism: Includes sensory issues along with challenges in communication and social interaction.
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The main SPD signs include difficulty in switching from one activity to another, discomfort with certain touches, or seeking out stimuli such as spinning or jumping. Autism signs, on the other hand, might include limited eye contact, delayed speech development, and difficulty understanding social cues.
3. How is Autism vs SPD Diagnosed?
Diagnosing SPD and autism involves different approaches. As a parent, it’s important to trust professionals who can provide a comprehensive diagnosis and offer guidance on next steps. Early diagnosis is key to implementing effective strategies that can significantly improve your child's development and quality of life.
SPD Diagnosis
SPD is typically assessed through clinical evaluations that focus on sensory responses. Several instruments can be used to assess sensory integration, such as the SPD test, which aims to measure sensory processing difficulties. Occupational therapists use several standardized tools to determine how sensory processing difficulties affect the subject's functioning in everyday life.
Autism Diagnosis
Autism can also be diagnosed based on behavioral assessments and developmental evaluations. These tests assess aspects of communication, interaction, and stereotypical behaviors. Therefore, it is common to find that a number of professionals, including psychologists, developmental pediatricians, and speech therapists, may be involved in the diagnosis.
Both diagnoses require careful observation and input from caregivers. It is, therefore, essential that intervention is sought as early as possible for individuals with SPD or autism to enhance the chances of reducing the severity of the symptoms and enhancing their quality of life.
4. How SPD and Autism Overlap
SPD and autism share some common traits, especially when it comes to sensory sensitivities. While both can involve reactions to sensory input, the experiences can vary greatly from one individual to another.
It's important to seek the right support if you notice any signs, as only professionals can provide an accurate diagnosis.
Can You Have SPD Without Autism?
Yes, SPD can be present, but it does not necessarily mean the person also has autism. However, most of the people with autism are also known to have SPD. This is mainly because the two conditions are often confused during diagnosis, however, it is essential to make this distinction to offer the right kind of assistance.
Can SPD Turn Into Autism?
No, Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) does not "turn into" Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). They are distinct conditions, though they can overlap in some areas, particularly with sensory challenges.
SPD vs Autism: Is Sensory Overload Different for Both?
Sensory overload is a common experience in both conditions; however, the triggers and consequences may vary. In SPD, the overload is mainly on the senses, while in autism, it can be on the social or environmental processes. For example, a child with SPD might react to bright lights alone, whereas a child with autism might find bright lights overwhelming in a crowded room.
5. When and Where to Seek Support for SPD vs Autism
Recognizing and acknowledging the signs is just the first step. The next step is seeking professional support. Procrastination can delay important interventions that can significantly improve your child's or loved one's quality of life. Early intervention is key to addressing challenges, fostering development, and ensuring long-term success.
Which Professionals Should You See for Autism vs SPD
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6. Unique and Helpful Toys for SPD vs Autism
Tactical toys are incredibly helpful for children with SPD or autism, as they assist in organizing sensory input and keeping them engaged. These sensory toys, such as weighted toys for autism or sensory water toys for autism, are designed to provide the right kind of stimulation that helps children feel calm and focused. Depending on the specific needs of your child, toys like the sit and spin toy for autism or outdoor sensory toys for autism can be excellent options to encourage movement and sensory exploration.
These tools are particularly valuable for children who experience sensory overload or seek sensory input to regulate their emotions and behavior.
Sensory Toys for SPD
Examples: One of them is weighted blankets and fidget spinners as well.
These toys provide sensory input, which can help children with SPD feel calm and focused. For instance, a textured ball might soothe a child who craves tactile stimulation.
Sensory Toys for Autism
Examples: Water toys suitable for sensory play and outdoor sensory setups.
Water toys like splash pads or water beads are excellent for sensory exploration. Outdoor setups, like trampolines or swings, encourage physical activity while addressing sensory needs.
Weighted Toys for Autism That Are Calming
Weighted lap pads and calming jars.
These tools are designed to provide deep pressure, which can be soothing for individuals who struggle with sensory regulation.
Sit and Spin Toy for Autism
These toys can help with vestibular input and calming repetitive motions. It is especially useful for children who love spinning or rocking habits.
Toys for Teenager with Autism
More advanced options like noise-canceling headphones and interactive tech gadgets.
Teenagers with autism may benefit from headphones to block out overwhelming noises or apps that teach social skills in a gamified way.
Now You Know the Difference Between SPD vs Autism, What Next?
If you see something that doesn't feel right, don't wait. Procrastination has a cost. Delaying seeking professional help can come with a significant cost, especially when it comes to our children. The earlier you seek the right support, the better the outcomes for your child. It's not just about diagnoses; it's about providing them with the tools and strategies to thrive in a world.
At The Autism Voyage, we are committed to sharing helpful content for parents of children with special needs. Don't wait for things to get more complicated; take action now. Whether uncertain or overwhelmed, reaching out for guidance can make a difference. Your family's journey toward the best support begins with this crucial first step.
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7. FAQs About SPD vs Autism
Navigating the complexities can be overwhelming for many families. Understanding the differences between these conditions, as well as the best ways to support your loved ones, is crucial. In this section, we’ll address some of the most frequently asked questions about SPD and autism, providing clear answers and helpful resources.
Is SPD Part of Autism?
No, SPD can exist independently but often co-occurs with autism.
Is SPD Neurodivergent?
Yes, it is recognized as a neurodivergent condition.
How Do You Test for SPD?
Through sensory integration evaluations conducted by occupational therapists. These tests often include observations and caregiver input.
How Do You Test for Autism?
Behavioral assessments by developmental specialists are key. Standardized tools like the ADOS-2 (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule) are commonly used.
How Can I Get Support for SPD vs Autism?
When it comes to Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), seeking the right support from qualified professionals is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and effective intervention. It's important to consult local specialists who can provide a comprehensive evaluation, as only trained experts can truly differentiate between SPD and autism and create a tailored plan to address your child's unique needs.
Watch who you listen to, while online resources and advice from well-meaning friends and family can be helpful, they cannot replace professional guidance. A proper diagnosis requires in-depth assessments from experts such as developmental pediatricians, psychologists, and occupational therapists who specialize in sensory and developmental disorders. Forbes health as a good article about High Functioning. Good read!